Healthy Choices

Vegetables

Encouraging people to eat more fruit and vegetables is seen a top priority by the organisations around the world who are promoting a healthier diet. Many serious illnesses are caused by nutritional deficiency due to a diet made up of poor quality food.

Research indicates that nine or ten servings of fruits and vegetables a day is optimal, whereas dietary guidelines tend to recommend a minimum of five servings a day. However it would appear that most populations are consistently not reaching even half this goal. Attempts to increase the intake of fruit and vegetables is proving to be a major public health challenge.

It is a well documented fact that people who eat a diet rich in plant foods have a reduced incidence of heart disease and cancer, but despite this fact the message doesn’t seem to be getting through to certain sectors of the community.

So why are vegetables so beneficial to our health?

Apart from the obvious fibre content in fruit and vegetables, which ultimately aids the digestive process, they contain many vitamins and minerals .

Vitamins

Vitamin C and the B complex vitamins are found in all fruit and vegetables whereas vitamin A is found in read yellow and orange fruit and vegetables such as carrots and tomatoes.

Minerals

The minerals copper, iron, zinc, iodine, manganese, molybdenum, selenium and potassium are found in certain fruit and vegetables

Phytonutrients

More recently research has been focusing on a different set of nutrients called phytonutrients. These bioactive substances are found in all plants – not just fruit and vegetables but also in flowers, herbs spices, seeds, nuts, oils, cereals, pulses, chocolate as well as beverages such as tea and coffee. Many but not all of these nutrients are highly coloured. There are 20 top phytonutrients each with their own special name and properties

Professor Heber, the director of the University of California Los Angeles Center for Human Nutrition, divides foods into 7 colour groups: red, red/purple, orange, orange/yellow, yellow/green, green, white/green.

• The red group eg tomatoes, provide lycopene; believed to have anti cancer properties
• the red/purple group eg grapes, provide anthocyanins; believed to have antioxidant and protective effects on the brain and heart functioning
• the orange group eg carrots, provide alpha and beta-carotenes; believed to help against lung cancer and support the immune system
• the orange/yellow group eg tangerines provide cryptoxanthins; believed to help with the maintenance of healthy vision, reproduction and body tissues
• the yellow/green group eg avocado provide lutein and zeaxanthin; believed to reduce the risk of macular degeneration
• the green group eg broccoli provide isothiocyanates and indoles; believed they may have anti cancer properties
• the white/green group eg celery provide allicin; believed to act as an antibiotic in the body and have anti cholesterol benefits

A diet rich in fruit and vegetables can provide the body with all these phytonutrients provided they are consumed on a daily basis.

Ref “The Optimum Nutrition Magazine” Winter 2007

Janet L. Matthews
Skype ID: lindajanetmatthews

This entry was posted on Wednesday, March 11th, 2009 at 1:28 pm and is filed under Super Fruits and Vegetables. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.